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The influence of the Czechoslovak and Soviet communist regime on the operation of the Christian Peace Conference and its president J.L. Hromádka from the late 1950s to the late 1960s
Peka, Radek ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Nodl, Martin (referee)
The main theme of this thesis is the Protestant theologian Josef L. Hromádka (1889 - 1969) and the Christian Peace Conference, which was officially founded in Prague in 1958 as of reaction of several Prague theologians to the threat to world peace during the coming Cold War. In general, we can state that this thesis deals with the influence that the then communist regime in Czechoslovakia had on the work of this organization. We can declare that the professional community no longer doubts that the CPC was directed by the state apparatus, but we will take a closer look at how exactly the leadership of the communist organization did that. In essence, how the regime nomenclature of Czechoslovakia, but also of other countries of the socialist camp, influenced the organizational, material, financial, personnel, as well as content aspects of the conference from the late 1950s to the late 1960s. We will also analyze the internal view of President Hromádka by the Czechoslovak secret services in this period of time. The thesis aims to move the scientific and public debate about Hromádka and the Christian Peace Conference. Key words: Josef Lukl Hromádka, Christian Peace Conference, Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren, Jaroslav Němec Ondra, secret...
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Women of Transition: Collective Memory in Azerbaijan Republic
Hashimova, Husniyya ; Marková, Alena (advisor) ; Coman, Adam (referee)
By the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the social, political and economic transformation had a major impact on Azerbaijani society that was part of the Soviet Union for nearly seventy years. How it is remembered is as important as what happened. This thesis examines the collective memory of Azerbaijani women of transition and de(re) construction of their collective identity. Biographical interviews were conducted with ten women living in four cities of Azerbaijan. The research results indicate that gendered collective memory of the Soviet past and transition encompasses both nostalgic sentiments and trauma. These results conclude that historical consciousness and political awareness of Azerbaijani women is insufficient. Nevertheless, their collective identity has been constructed by their collective memory of the quotidian life. Keywords: collective memory, collective identity, Soviet Union, transition, Azerbaijani women, nostalgia, cultural trauma, oral history
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Media image of the death of Mikhail Gorbachev and Elizabeth II. in the Czech press
Beranová, Monika ; Štoll, Martin (advisor) ; Růžička, Daniel (referee)
This master's thesis focuses on analyzing the media image of two significant political and cultural figures, Mikhail Gorbachev and Queen Elizabeth II. Both figures passed away shortly after each other in 2023. The text describes in detail the lives and political careers of both figures, their impact on the world, and the current perception of their characters. Mikhail Gorbachev is often referred to as the greatest politician of the 20th century. He served as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991 and was also its sole President from 1990 to 1991. He advocated for economic and political changes that led to the democratization of the Soviet Union. In 1990, he even received the Nobel Peace Prize. The figure of Mikhail Gorbachev is still perceived very differently by Russians, the global public, politicians, and the academic community. Gorbachev himself was never fully identified as the architect of the collapse of the Soviet Union. Queen Elizabeth II reigned as the Queen of fifteen independent states known as the Commonwealth realm from 1952 to 2022. During her reign, there were several significant milestones that influenced the perception of the Queen and the entire British royal family. As an example, her ascension to the throne and coronation in 1953 was...
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British policy towards the Soviet Union during Winston Churchill's second term as Prime Minister
Vondráčková, Tereza ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Kłusek, Johana (referee)
The bachelor thesis titled "British policy towards the Soviet Union during Winston Churchill's second term as Prime Minister" deals with the issue of British policy towards the Soviet Union which was influenced by the changing attitude of the most prominent British statesman of the first half of the 20th century, Winston Churchill. The thesis focuses on the beginnings of the détente policy caused by Stalin's death in 1953. In order to shed light on the historical context, it was also necessary to make a recapitulation of the policy pursued by the previous Labour government which was led by Clement Attlee. The examined period of 1951-1955 is characterised by the diplomatic efforts to initiate dialogue between the Western and Eastern blocs. The thesis further focuses on international conferences that aimed to reduce tensions and the arm race in order to eliminate the possibility of a nuclear conflict between the superpowers. Based on the studied secondary literature and available primary sources, the result of the thesis is the determination of the influence of détente on British policy towards the USSR and the evaluation of Churchill's attempts to engage in dialogue with the Eastern bloc.
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The circumstances of the conclusion and media coverage of the 1973 Prague Treaty between the Czechoslovakia and Germany
JANEČKOVÁ, Šárka
The bachelor thesis deals with the circumstances surrounding the signing of the Prague Treaty in 1973 between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. It presents the controversial issues that accompanied the negotiations. The fundamental disagreement lay in different interpretations of the validity of the Munich Agreement. The signing of the Prague Treaty made possible a process of détente in international relations that supported West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's concept of neue Ostpolitik. The bachelor's thesis further presents the media image of the conclusion of the Prague Treaty, while there was a significant difference between the periodicals published in Czechoslovakia and in Western Europe, which resulted from the different conception of the role of the media in the political system.
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Representations of Ideology in Interwar Pro-Soviet Periodicals (Nové Rusko, Země sovětů, Praha-Moskva)
SCHMIDTOVÁ, Lenka
This diploma thesis discusses pro-Soviet oriented magazines New Russia (1925-1929), The Land of Soviets (1931-1936) and Prague-Moscow (1936-1938), coming out in the mid-war era and pursuing cultural and agricultural convergence with the USSR. This work concisely presents the historical context, including political development, during the supervised era. The main topic of this thesis is an analysis of contents of the selected magazines with an emphasis on the impact of ideology in regard to selection and interpretation of individual topics and, simultaneously, a presentation their leading figures.
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Change of the state's approach to education of children after 1917 in RSFSR
Jasenčáková, Miroslava ; Kolenovská, Daniela (advisor) ; Vydra, Zbyněk (referee) ; Šaur, Josef (referee)
After 1917, the territory of the former tsarist Russia witnessed significant changes in society. One of them was a different approach to children's education. The emerging Soviet state sought to create a new modern society based on the Bolshevik concept of communism. In relation to children and youth, it deliberately sought to create an educational system with the aim of forming a new Soviet person from an early age. This dissertation explores the nature of the connection between pre-war and post-war Russian, or Soviet, pedagogy, how the Bolsheviks were able to use modern methods of education to their advantage, and what the implications of this were for the education of Soviet children and youth. The thesis first presents, in general terms, the theoretical framework of Bolshevik considerations on the emergence of a new society and explains how the understanding of the concept of the "new man" evolved. It presents the theoretical conception of the 'new Soviet man' and also specifies the reasons why children and youth were the ideal population group for the Bolshevik government to expect to begin the rebuilding of society. In particular, the dissertation traces the transformation of the education system in the forming Soviet Union from 1917 to the early 1930s. It first focuses on the Bolsheviks'...
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The collectivization in Kazakhstan: the emergence, problems and impact on Kazakh population
Michal, Vojtěch ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Jordanová, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on collectivization in Kazakhstan and its consequences in this autonomous soviet socialistic republic. At the beginning of the thesis, principles, problems and process of collectivization generally in Soviet Union are described. Afterwards, the collectivization and sedentarization of nomads in Kazakhstan is presented and analyzed. The thesis also focuses on main problems of collectivization in Kazakh ASSR, consequences of it and discovers the main reasons why collectivization ended up as such a catastrophe with famine killing 1,5 million people and making other 1 million emigrate. In the end, the thesis answers a question, whether this outcome of collectivization was intended or not.
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